CD4 and cancer: Given the TME’s heterogeneity and ongoing cross-talk with tumor cells, its composition stands as a pivotal prognostic determinant in cancer, while simultaneously governing the responsiveness to emerging immunotherapies (62).In this investigation, we discovered significant and positive associations between the risk scores and T cell CD4+ Th2, as well as macrophage M1 and M2 infiltration within the ccRCC immune cells.