EGF and cancer: These growth factors enhance malignant characteristics through pro-proliferation activities via the assistance of autocrine growth loops.61 Amongst the numerous growth factors, the most prevalent and major ones in cancers include epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-2, tumor-growth factors, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and vascular-endothelial-growth factor (VEGF), etc.61–64 Cancer may arise due to extreme proliferation if these factors cannot answer the deleterious controlling indicators.