Several natural antioxidants, e.g., vitamin E, C, and coenzyme Q10, were explored to combat diseases.398 However, the results from clinical trials indicated that adjunct medicines showed modest efficacy in preventing or treating diabetes.399 A high throughput cell-based screening assay is now used to screen small-molecular activators for the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway.400 New antioxidants would be found to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Here, KEAP1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.