FDX1 and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder: Importantly, we collected clinical IDD samples and successfully established IDD model in vivo and in vitro, and then carried out RT-qPCR experiments, indicating that cuproptosis genes FDX1, LIAS, LIPT1, GCSH, DLST, DLAT, PDHB, exhibited significantly lower expression levels in IDD samples than controls, while ATP7A, ATP7B and MTF1 displayed the opposite results, which was consistent with the bioinformatics results.