AKT1 and osteoporosis: In noncancer diseases or normal tissues, the function of eccDNA may be related to ageing [8], immunity [27], etc. Among the top 20 KEGG enriched pathways analysed in our study, the Hippo signalling pathway, Ras signalling pathway, calcium reabsorption regulated by endocrine and other factors pathway, and PI3K-Akt signalling pathway all played a dominant role in the progression of osteoporosis.