The results showed that the levels of Caspase-3, CTSB, p-STAT3, STING1, LC3II/I, Beclin1, P18 and P21 were significantly elevated in the CTSB overexpression group compared with the RB group, while the levels of Bcl-2, p-BRCA1, p62, GPX4, FTH1, SLC7A11, HO-1 and Cyclin D1 were significantly decreased and the levels of BRCA1 and STAT3 were not noticeably changed. This evidence concerns the gene CTSB and retinoblastoma.