Caveolin (CAV1), a member of the stenting protein family, is differentially expressed in CAFs, and loss of CAV1 in breast and prostate CAFs lead to tumour invasion and progression, while high expression of CAV1 in CAFs could also facilitate tumour invasion via ECM remodelling,49, 50, 63 suggesting the specific functions in different TME. This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and neoplasm.