MAPK3 and osteoarthritis: The in vivo results showed that the optimized LSB in situ forming hydrogel (LSB4c) has superiority over the optimized LOR-loaded bilosome (LB4) and the free drug hydrogel in the management of inflammation and osteoarthritis with a significant elevation in OPG level and reduction in RANKL, MAPK, and ERK1 levels as well as significant enhancement in the histopathological evaluation of the knee joint.