Other variables were not significantly different between the two groups, which indicated that the scores of the two groups, including age, educational level, marital status, religious belief, residential status, BMI, perceived health status, recent concentration of serum PSA, cancer stage, history of past illness, types of hormone therapy, positive thinking, general QOL, prostate cancer-specific QOL, hormone symptoms and distress, social support, and self-efficacy, were similar (all p > 0.05; Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.