Puerarin, a phytoestrogen extracted from Pueraria plants (Zhang et al., 2019), holds potential for treating depression-like behavior induced by ovariectomy, with mechanisms involving the inhibition of HPA axis hyperactivity, regulation of BDNF expression, and promotion of AHN (Tantipongpiradet et al., 2019). Here, BDNF is linked to major depressive disorder.