CD274 and neoplasm: Although the role of PD-L1 in the regulation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via its binding on PD-1 receptors is extensively studied, recent studies reveal a distinct tumor-intrinsic role for PD-L1 in modulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype, metastasis and resistance to therapy apart from its role in tumor immunology (Dong et al., 2018).