These cells produce chemoattractant proteins [e.g., CCL11/Eotaxin, CXCL10/Interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) (18, 19)] and other inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-15 and IL-8/CXCL8) (20) to induce neuroimmune activation, inflammation, and meningoencephalitis. The gene discussed is CXCL10; the disease is meningoencephalitis.