The optineurin-mediated autophagy-dysfunction by either overstimulation or by defects that block its function has attracted considerable attention due to its involvement in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (glaucoma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease), inflammatory diseases (Crohn’s disease, acute liver failure, rheumatoid arthritis) cancer, and nephropathy (104). This evidence concerns the gene OPTN and rheumatoid arthritis.