INSR and Insulin resistance: Impaired glucose uptake within adipocytes that is mediated by hampered glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) translocation, combined with the lower expression and phosphorylation of adipocytes’ insulin receptor (IR) and its substrates (IRSs) have been found to play an important role in adipose tissue hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance development in both human and horses (Reynolds et al., 2019; Ahmed et al., 2021).