Investigations of host inflammatory biomarkers (i.e., cytokines, chemokines) to distinguish between symptomatic and asymptomatic cCMV cases have shown no discernable differences in immune responses.18 However, increased interferon (IFN) levels, a critical human innate immune response to viral infection, have been reported in cCMV-infected fetuses during pregnancy.7 IFN is essential for the repression of viral transcription, with HCMV reactivation associated with inhibition of IFN signaling.22 This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and viral infectious disease.