TGFB1 and viral infectious disease: Of interest, then, is the combination of AdAPT-001 with checkpoint inhibitors, as the combination of viral infection and the expression of the TGF-β trap transgene may induce lymphocytic infiltration and prime for checkpoint inhibition efficacy since high levels of the TGF-β cytokine are associated with poorly T-cell infiltrated, “cold” tumors, which are resistant to immunotherapy [15].