HLA-F and cancer: S-I showed high expression of pathway genes related to the immune system and DNA damage repair such as CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, HLAA, HLAB, HLAF, APEX, APEX2, and RBX1. S-II was characterized by genes mainly associated with metabolic and transcription pathways (GLSL, SSDH, ALAT2, DYR, PPBT, GATM, CHDH, SERA, PRPF39, THOC1), while the gene signature of S-III was extensively involved in pathways reflecting malignancies, including many core kinases and transcription factors involved in cancer such as CDK6, ERBB2, JAK1, DAPK1, FOXO1, and RXRA (Figure 2E).