CXCL8 and COVID-19: These regions include the olfactory bulb,[126b] hypothalamus,[155] DMV, and brainstem.[156] COVID‐19 patients with encephalitis or encephalopathy exhibited high levels of IL‐6 and IL‐8 in CSF without any present of SARS‐CoV‐2.[157] Indeed, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection prompts the activation of numerous immune cells in the human body, initiating a cascade of reactions that lead to a fatal systemic hyperinflammatory response, also known as a cytokine storm.