It has been shown that Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively phosphorylated in CLL cells and that its de-phosphorylation induces cell death [49,50]; interestingly, AHCC has been shown to reduce STAT3 activation in ovarian cancer, which may be a similar mechanism of action for CLL [51,52]. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.