Studies on the properties of 17β-HSD10 are critical to the search for potential treatments of HSD17B10 gene-related disorders, including infantile neurodegeneration or HSD10 deficiency due to a missense mutation [52,58,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78] and intellectual disabilities caused by a silent mutation [79,80] as well as a gene duplication [81]. The gene discussed is HSD17B10; the disease is Intellectual disability.