Biomarkers not directly related to amyloid status are being evaluated, including, in particular, neuronal damage biomarkers (Neurofilament light chain protein (NfL), S100b and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)), biomarkers of neuro-inflammation (Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), chitinase 3-L1 (YKL-40), and Cytokines-chemokines) and other reactional biomarkers (Neurogranin) and markers of metabolic response (apolipoproteins, neurotrophic factors, intestinal and obesity markers, and diabetes and glycemic markers) [65]. Here, ENO2 is linked to diabetes mellitus.