For example, trabedersen (an antisense oligonucleotide targeting TGF-β2), Lucanix (a non-viral gene-based allogenic tumor cell vaccine targeting TGF-β2), and the combination of galunisertib (TβRI kinase inhibitor) and lomustine showed no significant antitumor activity in clinical trials in patients with brain tumors (phase IIb, NCT00431561) [122], NSCLC (phase III, NCT00676507) [123], and recurrent glioblastoma (phase II, NCT01582269) [124], respectively. Here, TGFB2 is linked to glioblastoma.