In addition to IL6, the promoting effect of CAFs on EMT programming in lung cancer cells is also mediated by the secretion of CXCL12 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which activate the CXCR4/β-catenin/PPARδ [39] and NFκB [40] signaling pathways, respectively. Here, HMGB1 is linked to lung cancer.