C5 and endothelial dysfunction: In this sense, the chronic or persistent inflammatory response associated with the deregulation of the complement system, microthrombosis phenomena, and endothelial dysfunction [128] could trigger various manifestations in LC, according to some recent studies in which they were identified as reliable biomarkers (fractions Ba, iC3b, C5a, and TCC of the complement system) for the diagnosis of LC [129].