TGFB1 and cancer: In contrast, M2 macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-10, TGF-β1), chemokines (e.g., CCL17, CCL22), and growth factors (e.g., VEGF, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)), which promote cancer progression, EMT, immune evasion and angiogenesis [42,67].