NOS2 and Granuloma: In conclusion, our results showed that gene therapy based in recombinant AdTNF, reactivates protective immune responses by increasing IFN-γ and iNOS expression in inflammatory cells located in pneumonic areas, which leads to a better formation of granulomas that efficiently contain and eliminate Mtb, resulting in lesser bacterial load and lung damage (percentage of pneumonia) that leads to total survival of mice.