AFP and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: aMAP score failed to predict HCC diagnosis or the risk of developing HCC during follow-up for both CHD and CHB groups (AUROC < 0.700) (Figure 5 and Figure 6), even when adjusting for possible confounders (CHB: levels of AST and AFP, diabetes, NAFLD, obesity, smoking status, essential hypertension, history of ischemic cardiac disease; CHD: levels of AST AFP, diabetes, NAFLD, obesity, smoking status, essential hypertension, or history of ischemic cardiac disease; Figure 6 and Supplementary Table S6).