The NAFLD associated with insulin resistance consists of two main aspects: (1) the adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, that reduce the liver insulin sensitivity and consequently create an inflammatory phenomenon; and (2) the liver lipid accumulation causes mitochondrial dysfunction and the infiltration of immune system cells like recruited hepatic macrophages (RHMs), natural killer cells and T cells. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.