In recent years, animal studies have found that montelukast improved BPD by inhibiting the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, affecting their development, remodeling the alveolar and pulmonary vascular and alleviating lung tissue fibrosis via inactivating the TGF-β/SMADs signaling pathway [45,46]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.