ASXL1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Somatic alterations are found in approximately 78–90% of patients with MDS and primarily occur in genes associated with DNA methylation (TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1/IDH2), chromatin modification (ASXL1, EZH2), RNA splicing (SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1), and DNA damage pathway (TP53) [2,7,8].