The existence of a plethora of regulatory cytokines secreted by activated lamina propria that has important implications for inflammation progression has been reported thus the imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in IBD hinders the resolution of inflammation and, instead, contributes to the perpetuation of the disease and tissue destruction, in particular, the imbalance between proinflammatory (TNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-17, integrin, etc.)and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, IL-35, etc.)[64]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and inflammatory bowel disease.