ESR2 and colorectal carcinoma: In addition to these antitumorigenic actions, E2–ERβ may have immunosuppressive effects in CRC [111] as well as preserving an epithelial phenotype through stimulating the expression of tight junction proteins occludin-1 and JAMA [112] and inhibiting dedifferentiation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition via upregulation of E-cadherin and α-catenin while inhibiting β-catenin [113].