HMOX1 and neoplasm: In a previous study on a murine model of breast and melanoma cancer, we demonstrated that FMD in combination with chemotherapy was able to stimulate T-cell-dependent cytotoxicity against tumor cells, promoting the infiltration of CD3+CD8+ TILs and decrease of Tregs at the tumor site; an effect partially mediated by the downregulation of heme oxygenase-1 [22].