A study shows that NAC treatment in drinking water for 12 weeks suppressed atherosclerotic development in ApoE KO mice with streptozotocin-induced type-1 diabetes, in association with improved GSH-dependent methylglyoxal elimination, decreased oxidative stress, and the restoration of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt)/phosphorylated endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (p-eNOS) pathways in aortas [58]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.