NRF1 and pulmonary fibrosis: For example, NRF1 knockdown can alleviate LPS-triggered lung inflammatory injury by regulating the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway [51], NRF-1 can protect against pulmonary fibrosis by binding to the promoters of TGFβ1 repressors [52], and Nrf2 alleviates lung injury via various mechanistic pathways, such as inhibiting excessive autophagy and ROS production [53].