TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Furthermore, Abozaid and Hany [62] revealed that Nano Vitamin D3 has a potential protecting role in reducing the negative effects of a high-fat diet caused by obesity on testicular functioning as it produced a significant elevation in testosterone level, sperm count, sperm motility, and testicular antioxidant enzymes, linked with a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation, testicular TNF-α, and IL-6, and with an improvement in the testicular histological picture.