In another study using samples collected from children and adolescents with CKD from the US and Canada (2005–2015; n = 618), urinary BPA levels were positively associated with urinary biomarkers of tubular injury such as kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and F2-isoprostane; however, no association was found with eGFR, proteinuria, or blood pressure [63]. Here, LCN2 is linked to chronic kidney disease.