Identification of specific CSF antibodies has been reported in cases of encephalitis following immunotherapy, with onconeural autoantibodies such as anti-Ma2, anti-Hu, anti-GAD, anti-Yo, anti-NMDA, anti-CASPR2, anti-LGI1, anti-GABABr, and anti-AMPAr detected in case series [41,42,43,44,45]. Here, PNMA2 is linked to viral encephalitis.