TGFB1 and Arrhythmia: We have previously shown that this rat model develops concentric LVH with fibrosis (with increased expression of transforming growth factor beta; TGF‐β) and associated arrhythmias.[37] It is interesting that we also observed that inulin reduced TGF‐β, indicating that inulin may improve cardiac outcomes in CKD, the leading cause of death.