Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), an enterovirus, is believed to be the most common causative agent of myocarditis.[153] Zhang et al. constructed an exosome-based anti-CVB3 vaccine (exo-VP1) that enhanced the resistance of mice to CVB3-induced viral myocarditis.[154] Gu et al. found that hucMSC-exosomes alleviated CVB3-induced myocarditis by activating the 5’ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR-mediated autophagy flux pathway to attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which will be beneficial for MSC-exosome therapy of myocarditis.[155]. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and myocarditis.