LUM and neoplasm: To examine the link between LUM and the degree of infiltration of immune cells in STAD, the GEPIA and TIMER databases were examined to gain a deeper insight into the interplay between LUM and various sets of immune markers, which were widely acknowledged to represent distinct immune cells, including B cells, T cells (general), CD8 + T cells, M1/M2 macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and DCs in STAD (Table 5).