BACH1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: We then evaluated liver samples from patients (men and women) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) (Fig. 1b), Western blot (Fig. 1c and Supplementary Fig. 1a) and immunohistochemistry (Fig. 1d and Fig. 1e) and found increased BACH1 expression in the liver tissues from patients with NAFLD compared with normal liver tissues, accompanied by the reduced glycogen content (periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining) in the livers of patients with NAFLD (Fig. 1d).