In HFD-induced obesity models, the L. plantarum N07 strain mitigates inflammation by significantly reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, and by decreasing macrophage markers Cd11c and F4/80 in epididymal adipose tissue, thereby alleviating obesity-associated inflammatory injury (Yin et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.