CXCL13 and neoplasm: In addition, it was shown that five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly lower in CXCR5-positive group of NSCLC patients, but after it was found that CXCL13 was able to recruit circulating CXCR5+ B cells and CXCR5+ CD4+ Follicular helper T (TFH) cell population to the intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells showed greater proliferative capacity, more granzyme B production, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) expression in different types of tumor tissues, thus specifically lysing tumor cells (18).