VRAC may also be important for several other processes including the regulation of membrane excitability, transcellular Cl− transport, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, necrosis, apoptosis, glutamate release from astrocytes, insulin (INS, P01308) release from pancreatic β cells and resistance to the anti-cancer drug, cisplatin (reviewed by [96, 844, 878, 905]). This evidence concerns the gene INS and cancer.