Some studies identified difference in the cytokine levels post viral infection in HNEC precipitating an inflammatory cascade e.g., IL 25 level escalation post influenza A infection (35), increased ephrin A1/A2 levels leading to type 2 inflammatory reaction (31), and elevated levels of CXCL-10 post RV infection (36). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL10 and viral infectious disease.