ELANE and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Therefore, serum neutrophil elastase may be a reliable biomarker for the early detection and prediction of type 1 diabetes.[53] While some studies have suggested an association between elevated plasma neutrophil elastase levels and poor long-term glycemic and metabolic control short in patients with type 2 diabetes,[54–59] other studies have suggested an association between elevated plasma neutrophil elastase levels and poor short-term glycemic and metabolic control.