GLS and glioblastoma: Further examination through the use of a volcano plot (Fig. 2B) and boxplot (Fig. 2C) demonstrated that CDKN2A, FDX1, LIPT1, SLC31A1, DLST, NFE2L2, and ATP7A displayed significant upregulation, whereas GLS, PDHA1, and ATP7B exhibited marked downregulation in GBM.