In the 10 articles on blood glucose and insulin levels, 3 showed higher glucose levels in post- than premenopausal women44,47,48 but 5 showed no difference,16,21,22,24,37 2 showed higher insulin in post- than premenopausal women47,48 and in 2 studies diabetes was more prevalent in postmenopausal women21,25. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.