TRO40303, namely 3,5-seco-4-nor-cholestan-5-oneoxime-3-ol (Table 4), is a cholesterol-like TSPO ligand that binds specifically to thecholesterol site of TSPO; it was initially identified as a neuroprotectiveagent142 but was later investigated inmore detail for its roles in cardioprotection, as [14C]TRO40303accumulates rapidly in rats’ hearts after a single intravenousadministration (2 mg/kg).143 In the samestudy, rats were subjected to 35 min of ischemia and then reperfusedfor 24 h. The gene discussed is TSPO; the disease is ischemia.