Importantly, several aaRSs exhibit critical non-canonical, host-viral interactions, and consequent activities, as follows: infection-dependent release of EPRS1 from the MSC sequesters poly(rC)-binding protein 2 (PCBP2) and protects MAVS, an antiviral mitochondrial signaling molecule, from PCBP2-mediated ubiquitination in influenza A virus-infected cells [47]. The gene discussed is PCBP2; the disease is infection.