Although higher CVR in the AD signature regions that typically thin or atrophy throughout AD progression is associated with lower MCI risk,24, 25, 26 regional volumes other than the hippocampus were not associated with MCI risk, indicating that CVR changes may precede morphometric changes, consistent with other studies suggesting BBB breakdown and CBF dysregulation precede neurodegeneration.39, 40. Here, CEBPZ is linked to Alzheimer disease.